Question

Identify which argument is invalid.

If the elephant roars, then it does not want company.
The elephant roared.
Therefore, it does not want company.


Either the elephant roars or wants company.
The elephant did not roar.
Therefore the elephant wants company.


If the panda yawns, then she is not alert.
The panda is alert.
Therefore she did not yawn.


If the water is filtered, then it will not contain lead.
The water is not filtered.
Therefore, it does not contain lead.


Either the water is filtered or it contains lead.
The water is not filtered.
Th

Answer 1

Therefore, it contains lead.

Answer 2

the last sentence got cut off.

Answer 3

wait i didn't see 5 arguments oops

Answer 4

Argument 1 is valid by the law of detachment

Argument 2 is valid by law of disjunctive syllogism

Argument 3 is valid by modus tollens

Argument 4 is invalid

Answer 5

thats right the 4th is invalid

Answer 6

depending on how your book works, you might see this fallacy as an inverse error or something called "Denying the antecedent"