Question

what is ripple factor of any waveform

Answer 1

ripple factor is specified for waveforms containing ac and dc components...
if
Vrms= RMS value of ac component
Vdc=DC value
then
Ripple factor= Vrms/Vdc

Answer 2

Actually, Ripple Factor = I'rms/Idc = V'rms/Vdc ,
where I'rms and V'rms are ripples .
theoritically
\[i = Imsin(wt) ; 0\le wt \le \pi\]
\[i = 0 ; \pi \le wt \le2\pi\]
\[I'rms = (1/2\pi) ( \int\limits_{0}^{2\pi} i^2 d(wt) ) ^{1/2}\]
\[Idc = (1/2\pi) \int\limits_{0}^{2\pi} i d (wt)\]
by solving \[I'rms / I dc\] we get the ripple factor like this
Ripple factor of any wave form => r = \[\sqrt{(Irms/Idc)^2-1}\]
thats all :)