Question

explain total parenteral nutrition @explain total parenteral nutrition @Health Sciences

Answer 1

TPN - in certain cases we cannot feed the patient through his alimentary system - for example - he doesnt have any (due to trauma, or big surgery that warrants complete prolonged bowel rest). in order to prevent malnutrition, we gotta get the food somwhow in there. the blood is a good idea, only thing is the blood cannot digest (that is why we got the digestive system), sou gotta use elementals - AA, fatty acids, simple sugars.
parenteral - means through the veins (not enteric)

some problems with tpn - cant be hyperosmolar - will ruin the vein through which it is give.
the nutrition is heaven upon earth to hungry pathogens - so it tends to get infected

Answer 2

The indications for the implementation of parenteral nutrition are situations when feeding via the gut is impossible, insufficient or inappropriate. Parenteral nutrition is amended as:
in extensive burns, especially when involving the gastrointestinal tract:
-in children with congenital defects of the digestive system and in preterm infants in whom the gastrointestinal tract is not sufficiently developed,
-during chemotherapy and radiotherapy (in some cases)
-in a coma and the other cases remain for a long time can lose consciousness
-in the gastrointestinal tract obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract fistulae.
-in the perioperative period in patients malnourished or debilitated
-in short bowel syndrome
-in disorders of intestinal absorption in Crohn's disease
-in acute pancreatitis
-sometimes to treat severe cases of anorexia and bulimia
When it comes to use it in this case, each patient is interpreted individually, not every patient is equally applies.