Question

Is one flag a translation image of the other, or a rotation image? Explain.

Answer 1

It's a translation since the flag has just been moved vertically.

Answer 2

Take a hair brush and hold it in front of you.

When you move the hairbrush up and down or side to side, watch your wrist. Since your wrist is not turning, it's a translation.

Now rotate the hairbrush so that the brush part is at the 9 o'clock position. Notice that your wrist has to turn. This is rotation.