Question

distinguish between the contributions of genes and the enviorment to phenotypes

Answer 1

Blood group (phenotype) is determined by the gene. Group A allele is either I(A) I(A) or I(A) i, Group B allele is either I(B) I(B) or I(B) i, Group AB is I(A) I(B), Group O is i i. These are monogenic inheritance i.e. controlled by one gene only. The phenotype isn't affected by environment.

Height is affected by both genes and environment. Let say an individual's parents are tall, he or she has 'tall' gene, but if he or she doesn't eat properly to get enough nutrients, then that individual will be short. This is polygenic inheritance i.e. phenotype is controlled by several genes. This are strongly influence by the environment.

I hope this helps.