Question

What efforts were made to to deal with violations of the rape of Nanking!

Please help !!!

Answer 1

This is a tough question depending on whose perspective you look at it from.

In China, it's a part of their national identity and history, something that's often used as a point of contention in relations with Japan. Japan, on the other hand, has acknowledged it from an individual level with apologies from the Emperor and a number of public officials. The key thing to remember here is that these were individuals that apologized.

However, there is also a disturbing pattern of denial among Japanese officials and ultranationalists over the years that Nanking was as bad as the Chinese claim it to be, much like how Holocaust deniers make the argument that the Jews made up the numbers involved. It's prevalent enough, even in their school curricula, to be an extremely sensitive topic between both nations. At the same time, it should also be noted that most Japanese do acknowledge that the IJA (Imperial Japanese Army) was responsible for it and it did happen.

The genocide was largely forgotten by the world in general until somewhat recently and the rights of the victims were often swept under the rug by both China and Japan. China, hoping for investment from Japan in the 70s, signed an agreement not to seek reparations sweeping victims' rights under the rug. Japan, in turn, did everything it could to delay any kind of compensation from those that did file before the agreement.

Grass roots efforts around the world have also brought more attention to the Rape of Nanking such as the book by Iris Chang which covers the event in horrifying detail. In general, many Chinese continue to be upset over Japan's seeming refusal to accept (on a national level) responsibility over the war in China or the Rape of Nanking. It really is the "Forgotten Holocaust" to the rest of the world.