Question

can anyone explain me how exactly the electric circuit works along with the function of battery ?

Answer 1

a battery is a chemical reaction waiting to happen,

when the terminals of the battery are connect through a conductor
electrons will move from high potential to low potential across the conductor
this is known as electron current
the current of electrons will heat up the conductor and provided power to any component that takes a load , for example a light globe

there a many component a electric circuit can have

Answer 2

The battery is the source of the current in the circuit. The circuit guides or contains the flow of electron so that something can be accomplished or controlled as Unkle mentioned a light globe, usually a switch to turn this globe on or off. The circuit can be very simple or complex. You start learning with the simple one