Question

What term is used to indicate that atoms are transferring some of their electrons in order to join with other atoms?

Answer 1

That sounds to me like an "ionic bond."

It's a type of chemical bond.

Answer 2

That is an ionic bond. A covalent bond is a type of bond in which the atoms share electrons. Sometimes the electrons are shared equally which is a non polar covalent bond and sometimes the electrons shared between the atoms is unequal which is known as a polar covalent bond.