Question

A photographer moves closer to his subject and then refocuses. Does the camera move farther or nearer to the film?

Answer 1

You probably mean the lens, not the camera, and for a camera with a single convex lens, the answer would be closer, because the angle subtended by the film frame or subject, from the point of view of the center of the lens, must be the same. In a modern camera with many lens elements, the entire lens doesn't move at all, but the individual elements shuffle about.

Answer 2

yeah whoops, i meant the lens.