Question

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Answer 1

Alignment of the outer valence electron orbitals in iron. Every atom in iron has a positive side and a negative side. If they are all aligned, the entire piece of metal will have a positive side and a negative side, and it is therefore magnetic.

The outer orbitals have only one electron and their motion in the circular path gives rise to a central force thru the center of the orbital whose direction is based to the right hand curve rule. And its this force that either expels or attracts a magnet towards other iron materials.

Answer 2

Yes.