Which is the best explanation for the spread of the Renaissance to northern Europe?

Traders from the Byzantine Empire arrived in European cities.

Artists and thinkers fled Italy because of war and disease.

Italian armies conquered large areas of Europe.

Italian merchants traded with prosperous cities to the north.

Question

Which is the best explanation for the spread of the Renaissance to northern Europe?

       Traders from the Byzantine Empire arrived in European cities.

       Artists and thinkers fled Italy because of war and disease.

       Italian armies conquered large areas of Europe.

       Italian merchants traded with prosperous cities to the north.

anonymous · Answer

I really dont pay attention in history (BORING!!!)  But, I would say D. Because, merchants had a big part in spreading the renaissance.