Question

What was the significance of a 52 year cycle in both the Aztec and the Mayan calendars?

Answer 1

It was to coincide the Haab ( a solar calendar of the aztecs and mayans) and the Tzolk'in ( a calendar which means count of days) into the same year known as the calendar round. In short it brang the two calnedars together in to the same cycle. There could be more to add to this but I am pretty sure that this is correct. Anyone have anything else to add?