Five men, A, B, C, D, D, E are wearing caps of block or white colour without each knowing the colour of his cap. It is known that a man wearing black cap always speaks the truth while the ones wearing white always tell lies. If they make the following statements, find the colour worn by each of them: A : I see three black caps and one white cap. B : I see four white caps C : I see one black cap and three white caps D : I see your four black caps.
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If D=b then ABCE=b So if B=b then B would say D=b but does not. Conclusion: D is lying about seeing a black cap on B therefore, D=w If B=b then ACDE=w So if D=w then D would say B=w but does not. Conclusion: B is lying about seeing a white cap on D therefore B=w So far: B=w D=w If A=b then A would see B=w & D=w, so A is lying about seeing only 1 white cap. Therefore, A=w So far: A=w B=w D=w If C=b then C would see A=w,B=w,D=w and does claim 3 white hats. Conclusion: A,B,D are white hats, C,E are black hats
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