Question

Primary succession ________.
a.
is caused solely by human events
b.
occurs on preexisting soil
c.
occurs in areas without soil
d.
becomes normalized by climax species

Answer 1

My first instinct tells me the answer is C because:

"Primary succession is one of two types of biological and ecological succession of plant life, occurring in an environment in which new substrate devoid of vegetation and usually lacking soil, such as a lava flow or area left from retreated glacier, is deposited"

What sticks out to me in that definition is the word 'usually lacking soil'. I think this is one of those questions where they wrote 'occurs in areas without soil' even though it *can* technically occur with soil.

It's for sure not A or B, so that narrows it down to C or D. Answer choice D seems very badly constructed, in my opinion, but whatever floats your teachers boat, I suppose. This question isn't on the internet anywhere. Ugh.

Answer 2

thanx man

Answer 3

it is C. i got D wrong