Question

The map below shows kingdoms, cities, and trade routes of Africa in the period 700–1600 CE. Use the map to answer the following question:

The map shows Africa and the surrounding oceans and seas, with historic kingdoms shown as colored in areas. Dots for cities appear both within and outside the kingdoms. A series of dots runs from north to south along the coast of the Indian Ocean , the eastern edge of Africa. Lines representing trade routes crisscross the continent from city to city in a network. On the western part of the continent, several trade routes run northward from Songhai through