Question

how did the views of Engels and Smiles differ??

Answer 1

Marx and Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto where they outlined the aims of a communist state: the end of capitalist exploitation of the workers by the middle classes, the end of nationalism - as all workers share a similar culture and nationalism is a capitalist construct and the end of exploitation by the ruling class. Industrialization concentrated labor into mills, factories and mines, thus facilitating the organisation of combinations or trade unions to help advance the interests of working people.