Question

The sum of three consecutive integers is 312. What are the integers

Answer 1

Consecutive just means one after the other (example 1, 2, 3 are consecutive numbers)
If you use x to represent the smallest integer, then you can use x + 1 for the number just after it, and x + 2 for the third number. So:

x + (x+1) + (x+2) = 312
x + x + 1 + x + 2 = 312
3x = 309
x = 103

Now that you've found the value of the smallest integer you can get the other two without having to do much work.

x = 103
x + 1 = 103 + 1 = 104
x + 2 = 103 + 2 = 105

103 + 104 + 105 = 312.