an example of the correlation and causation fallacies?

"If you don't join this gym today, the prices will go up, and you will become horribly out of shape."

"I read that 90 percent of people prefer minty toothpaste to non-minty. Minty must be better toothpaste."

"It rains every single time I go outside without my umbrella. My umbrella causes the rain to come."

"My opponent is an unethical liar, and therefore you cannot trust a single thing he is about to say."

Question

an example of the correlation and causation fallacies?
 	
	"If you don't join this gym today, the prices will go up, and you will become horribly out of shape."

	"I read that 90 percent of people prefer minty toothpaste to non-minty. Minty must be better toothpaste."

	"It rains every single time I go outside without my umbrella. My umbrella causes the rain to come."

	"My opponent is an unethical liar, and therefore you cannot trust a single thing he is about to say."

wolfadaskies · Answer

Now, though I'm not completely sure myself, there's an easy way to work through it.

Speaking logically, would bringing an umbrella outside cause it to rain?