In 1978, researchers Premack and Woodruff published a study in Science magazine, reporting an experiment where an adult chimpanzee named Sarah was shown videotapes of eight different scenarios of a human being faced with a problem. After being shown each videotape, she was presented with two photographs, one of which depicted a possible solution to the problem. For example, a problem might be a human trying to grab an object just out of reach. The picture of the correct solution would show the human stepping on a box to be able to reach further. In the experiment, Sarah picked the photograph w

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