Question

Which of the following characterizes are ionic bond? 1) The electrons in the bond are shared between two atoms.
2) The electrons in the blood are shared between two ions.
3) The bind results from the attractive forces of two similar charges.
4) The bond results from the attractive forces of two opposite charges.

Answer 1

"Ionic bonds are attractions between oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms where electrons are donated and accepted."
Therefore, it would be.....?

Answer 2

I agree with @a_affliction

So, an ionic bond occurs between a metal and a non metal, off the top of my head, the electronegativity difference is 1.7 or greater.

A metals are found between groups 1-2 and 3-12 the transition metals, and are defined as elements that have a tendency to lose electrons. this loss of electrons, results in a more stable electronic configuration.

remember elements in groups that are the vertical columns are organized based on their number of valence electrons, i.e. the electrons that are farthest away from the nucleus and are less tightly held.

Non metals are the opposite, they have a tendency to gain electrons. if something wants to gain electrons, then it's going to have a high electronegativity and gaining an electron gives it an electron configuration that's closer to that of a noble gas and hence more stable.

think of electronegativity as how badly an element wants an electron.

now typically most electrons are shared between atoms, in what is called a covalent bond.

but in an ionic bond it's different, because the electronegativity difference is large and it involves both a metal and non metal, the electrons are transferred from the metal to the non metal.

this transfer is favorable for the reasons I explained above. the non metal is happy giving up it's electron while the non metal is happy gaining it. once this happens,

the metal forms a positive charge, because it's lost an electron, remember now there are fewer electrons than protons we have a positive charge, a cation.

the opposite happens with an anion, formed by the non metal, which now there are more electrons than protons, hence a negative charge.

the bond is held together by an attraction between a negative and positive charges formed. we call this an electrostatic attraction.

Answer 3

@tierraswick