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History 19 Online
OpenStudy (dmcdowell):

Which factor strengthened monarchs and helped dissolve the feudal contract? The disputes between the Holy Roman Emperor and the popes gave independence and power to local German cities and nobles. Popular vernacular epics like the Song of Roland celebrated chivalry and knights. The bourgeoisie in towns received charters which freed them from allegiance to local landlords and nobles. All of these answers are correct.

OpenStudy (dmcdowell):

@micahm

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