1. What was lay investiture, and what was Pope Gregory VII's attitude toward it?

2. What are sacraments, and how did and interdict affect them? Why was a pope's use of an interdict such an effective method of controlling rulers?

3. How did European Christian views of infidels lead to the Crusades?

4. what was scholasticism? How did it influence theology during the Middle Ages?

5. Why did a taste for vernacular literature such as the chanson de geste develop in the twelfth century?

Question

1. What was lay investiture, and what was Pope Gregory VII's attitude toward it? 

2. What are sacraments, and how did and interdict affect them? Why was a pope's use of an interdict such an effective method of controlling rulers?

3. How did European Christian views of infidels lead to the Crusades?

4. what was scholasticism? How did it influence theology during the Middle Ages?

5. Why did a taste for vernacular literature such as the chanson de geste develop in the twelfth century?