Question

what happened to India as a result of the tensions between the two main groups? What country was created?

Answer 1

I am just going to infer that when you mean "two main groups," you are speaking about the Hindus and Muslims that existed in India during the 1940s.

During World War II the Allied Powers all agreed on the "Atlantic Charter." This charter stated that if the allied powers won World War II then all colonies that European countries owned must be granted their independence. This was supported mainly by the US and Soviet Union as neither of them approved of the colonies Great Britain had on their shoulder. Not to mention the British could no longer use the colonies for profit as they exhausted their use in order to pay reparations and funding for weapons in both world wars. Because of this, decolonization occurred in all nations such as the nations that existed in the northern parts of Africa and India.

Now to what you are looking for. A large amount of religious tension has existed throughout all of India between those who were Muslim and those who were Hindu. Both disapproved of each other but did not take any action to separate themselves due to British rule opposing this. Now that British rule was taken away from India, the two groups decided to split from each other into separate nations. This entire process of decolonization was called, "The Partition of India," and led to the creation of two other nations that separated from India.

Since Hindus populated more of India than Muslims did, the Muslims decided to split away from India and create their own nations. These two nations were Pakistan and Bangladesh. This process of separating took longer than expected, which is why they separated in 1947 instead of immediately after WWII ended. In order to garner support to leave India the Pakistan Movement was created that used the two-nation theory as its foundation. The two-nation theory was the ideology that the primary identity of Muslims in the region is their religion rather than their ethnicity which means that Indian Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations. To summarize, it stated that religion should be the only factor that determines the nationality of a person.

India = Hindu
Pakistan (Created in 1947, date of the Partition of India, use this in your answer) = Muslim

Bangladesh (Created in 1971, cite Pakistan instead for your answer. Just know that it was created by Muslims.) = Muslim

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I hope everything I wrote was a help to you and any future questions you may have of the result of WWII on India. Thanks for helping me study this topic and good luck on your exams.