Question

This was the outcome of what revolution?

Countries achieved their independence from the European monarchies—notably Spain, Portugal, and France—that held power over them.

French Revolution

Latin American Revolution

Russian Revolution of 1905

Answer 1

french revolution

Answer 2

...Latin American Revolution. It cannot be the French Revolution for one because France is only one country and it specifically says "countries," two because France cannot get independence from itself, that's not how it works, three because France could not have been ruled by multiple countries considering the geography of it, fourth France was a European monarchy and the question states, "independence from European Monarchies."

The Latin American Revolution first began in Haiti where many slaves rebelled for their independence against Spain. The Haitian Revolution is known as one of the largest SUCCESSFUL rebellions throughout all of history and allowed the nation of Haiti to declare their independence. The French Revolution inspired the Haitian Revolution which inspired revolutions across of all Latin America, however it can be surmised that at some point in time one nation would attempt to fight for their independence against Spain. In other words it is plausible to say that the French Revolution was the reason for all the independence movements in Latin America. If I can remember correctly, Cuba and the other nations of the Philippines were the only nations that were still under Spanish rule after the many independence movements. This is not surprising due to the geography of the nation and isolation Cuba had from the nations in which independence movements actually occurred.

After the war, South American independence leaders attempted to establish a government of democracy with each of the collective nations being known as states and having a say in government. This style of government failed due to arguments over national boundaries and incapacity of getting the various states to agree to new laws, a striking resemblance to the Articles of Confederation. A constitutional democracy was later adopted in many Latin American nations such as Brazil and to this day I believe Brazil still carries a constitutional democracy.