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OpenStudy (anonymous):

What caused the split among the Islamic people after the death of Muhammad.

OpenStudy (wwhitlock):

Classic case of empire when the founder dies. There was a fight over who was in charge. Relatives or friends? Sunni supported the first 3 caliphs. Shia didn't like those guys and consider Ali, the fourth caliph, to be the first caliph. Small doctrinal differences and a lot of spilled blood also separate the groups.

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