Question

Anatomy Tutorial: Introduction to Hematology

Answer 1

just in time for Halloween I suppose

\({\bf{Physical~Properties:}}\)
- fluid CT
- red due to hemoglobin/iron
- contrary to popular belief de-oxygenated blood is not actually blue. on medical diagrams, blue is used simply to distinguish them visually but in real life they look the same. your veins look blue due to the way your skin absorbs/reflects light.
- viscous
- pH of 7.35 - 7.45 under normal conditions

\({\bf{Functions~of~Blood:}}\)
- transports dissolved gases btwn lungs and tissues
- distributes nutrients
- transports waste
- delivery enzymes and hormones to tissue
- stabilize pH by changing ion composition
- clotting
- immunity (defense against pathogens)
- thermoregulation through blood circulation

\({\bf{Composition~of~Blood:}}\)
- plasma + formed elements: red blood cells + white blood cells + platelets
- separation of plasma from formed elements = fractionation

> plasma: ~55% of the whole blood volume
- mostly water (92%) and plasma proteins
> formed elements: mostly RBCs with small concentrations (<0.1%) of WBCs and platelets)

Answer 2

\({\bf{Plasma:}}\) will be going over formed elements in another tutorial
- contains more O2 and dissolved proteins compared to interstitial fluid
- plasma proteins are mostly synthesized by liver
- three types:
> albumins (60% of plasma proteins): regulate osmotic pressure + transport fatty acids, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones
> globulins: immunoglobins (antibodies) and transport globulins for small ions and hormones
> fibrinogen: largest, responsible for clotting

Answer 3

Adapted from Human Anatomy, Martini, et. al. 9th edition