Question

1. How does sexual orientation develop? What is Gender Identity disorder? Do you believe that sexual orientation is genetic, environmental or a combination of both. Explain your answer.

2. What are Cluster A, B+C Personality Disorders? What are their clinical characteristic? How do we treat them? Which disorder do you believe is more serious? Defend your answer.

Answer 1

@Ferredoxin4 please

Answer 2

1. Sexual Orientation is different from Gender Identity but works in parallel with it. Sexual orientation is how you sexually act with others, or more simply, Either Heterosexual or LGBTQ. Gender Identity refers to masculinity, feminity, etc., and the gender and social roles expected and presented in the gender. The development of sexual orientation is not clear and commonly disputed. Earlier, psychologists used to believe that heterosexual individuals had different neuroanatomy in a portion of the hypothalamus, but due to social and ethical regions, it was less followed upon. Sexual orientation usually is fixated by about the end of adolescence and is largely impacted based on social exposure. People are not from birth homosexual or the opposite; instead, social exposure is what pushes them to go in one or another direction.

Gender Dysphoria (It's not called GID anymore as per DSM5) is where one individual has a strong desire of being another gender and even develop and display the characteristics of that opposite gender. This includes the organs and physical characteristics as well.

The social learning theory suggests that children learn gender-linked behaviors by observational learning and operant conditioning.
The Gender schema theory suggests that children learn gender-linked behavior by culture.
Personally, I believe that sexual orientation and gender identity is a combination of genetic predispositions, social factors, cultural factors, and other environmental factors. However, environmental factors are more powerful than the genetic basis. Homosexuality was present from the very dawn of civilization with gay kings, but recently that sexual orientation has blown up tremendously due to increased sociality.
Cultural factors play a big role as well, possibly one of the biggest. For example, although being true in remote areas, if a small village only allows gays to survive then there's no question about anything else.

Answer 3

Cluster disorders?

Answer 4

Oh wait I think it's the personality disorders nvm

Answer 5

2.
Cluster A, Odd and Eccentric Disorders
-Paranoid: Extreme mistrust of others
-Schizoid - Flat effect, no interest in relationships
-Schizotypal - weird thinking and sometimes the appearance
Cluster B, Dramatic, erratic, and emotionally problematic disorders
-Narcissistic - self-centered, no empathy
-Antisocial - Doesn't actually mean having no friends, it's actually violating others without remorse. AKA psychopaths
-Histronic - It's the next level of narcissistic: it includes inappropriate sexuality
-Borderline - Emotionally unstable, turbulent personal relationships
Cluster C, Avoidant and Chronic Fearfulness
-Dependent - No self-confidence, listens to other sonly
-Avoidant - They want to have friends but they have a fear of criticism and are shy. Note that it's different from Schizoid as they have a desire for friends.
-Obsessive Compulsive - Serious rules, perfectionist



Each disorder has its own treatment. However, all of them involve some sort of directive cognitive behavioral therapy or DBT as well as some insight therapy. Some involve medications as well, such as schizoid.

**Note: Schizoid Personality Disorder and Schizophrenia sound similar and are a lot like each other as well, but Schizophrenia has a biological basis and is much more severe. Schizoid is just simply flat effect and some degree of avolgia**


I believe that Anti-social Cluster B personality disorder is the most dangerous and severe personality disorder. People with anti-social disorders are the type of people who walk into malls and shoot people up without any cause, or randomly prank calls the police without rationale.

Answer 6

The next after Anti-Social would be Narcissistic, and then Schizotypal imo

Answer 7

Also what I said about Schizoid and Schizophrenia -> It includes Schizotypal as well.


Schizophrenia is more severe and has more complications as compared to schizoid and schizotypal personality disorder