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French Tutorial: Numbers, Arithmetic, Currency

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\({\bf{0-100}}\) 0: zéro 1: un 2: deux 3: trois 4: quatre 5: cinq 6: six 7: sept 8: huit 9: neuf 10: dix 11: onze 12: douze 13: treize 14: quatorze 15: quinze 16: seize note: from 17-19, construct the number as "dix-___" using sept, huit, or neuf as appropriate 17: dix-sept 18: dix-huit 19: dix-neuf 20: vingt note: for 21, 31, 41, 51, and 61 append "et un" to vignt, trente, quarante, cinquante, and soixante as appropriate 21: vignt et un note: for 22-29, 32-39, 42-49, 52-59, 62-69, append the ones-digit number to vignt, trente, quarante, cinquante, and soixante as appropriate 22: vignt-deux 23: vignt-trois ... 29: vignt-neuf 30: trente 31: trente et un 32: trente-deux ... 40: quarante 41: quarante et un 42: quarante-deux ... 50: cinquante 60: soixante

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cont: Counting from 70-99 follows a different rule. 70: soixante-dix note that this is essentially 60+10 71: soixante et onze (60+11) 72: soixante-douze 73: soixante-treize ... 79: soixante-dix-neuf note: 80 = 4*20 80: quatre-vignts note: 80 keeps the s at the end of vignts, but 81-89 do not 81: quatre-vignt-un (4*20+1) 82: quatre-vignt-deux ... 89: quatre-vingt-neuf note: 90 is essentially 4*90+10 90: quatre-vignt-dix 91: quatre-vignt-trois ... 99: quatre-vingt-dix-neuf 100: cent

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\({\bf{101-1,000,000,000}}\) 101: cent un 102: cent deux, etc. ... 199: cent quatre-vingt-dix-neuf for 200,300, 400, etc. it's simply deux/trois/quatre, etc. cents (remember the plural on cents) 200: deux cents 300: trois cents 400: quatre cents 500: cinq cents 600: soix cents 700: sept cents 800: huit cents 900: neuf cents ... 999: neuf cent quatre-vignt-dix-neuf 1000: mille (do not confuse this with un million) 2000: deux mille ... 100,000: cent mille (literally "one hundred thousand") 1,000,000: un million 1,000,000,000: un milliard

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\({\bf{Special~Considerations}}\) - in some French-speaking countries (ex. Belgium) 70, 80, and 90 are represented as septante, huitante, and nonante. be csable to recognize these if you see them. - if a number ends in "un" and is being used to describe a feminine noun, change un to une ex: vingt et une robes (21 dresses) - for cinq, six, and dix, the pronunciation of the end depends on the following noun. followed by consonant --> last letter (q,x) is silent. followed by vowel --> last letter is pronounced - the "s" after cents is dropped if there's another number after it ex: 200 vs 201 --> deux cents vs. deux cent un - cent and mille have no article - unlike cents, do not add an s after mille ex: 200 vs 2000 --> deux cents vs. deux mille (not deux milles)

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\({\bf{Basic~Arithmetic}}\) + plus, or et - moins x fois ÷ divisé par = font, or égalent ex: 1 + 1 = 2 un plus un égale deux 100 - 99 = 1 cent moins quatre-vingt-dix-neuf égale un 3*33 = 99 trois fois trente-trois égale quatre-vingt-dix-neuf 999/3 = 333 neuf cent quatre-vingt-dix-neuf divisé par trois égale trois cent trente-trois

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\({\bf{Currency:}}\) France uses the Euro €, which is divided into 100 centimes. Euro bills come in 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500, and coins come in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 centimes, in addition to a 1 euro and 2 euro coin. IMPORTANT NOTE: In French, commas and periods are swapped. In USD we would write one dollar and fifty cents as $1.50 but in French they would write one euro and 50 centimes as €1,50. Likewise, we would write one thousand dollars as $1,000 but they would write one thousand euros as 1.000€

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\({\bf{Ordinal~Numbers:}}\) (first, second, etc.) In general, change the ending of a number, and add -ième. sometimes you may need to change the ending before appeding. in general, the number does not change for gender, but the article does. exception: first is le premier (masc) or la première (fem). le premier/ lapremière (first) le/la deuxième (second) troisième (third) quatrième (fourth) cinquième (fifth) ... onzième (eleventh) ... vignt et unième (twenty-first) vignt-deuxième (twenty-secondth) ... trentième (thirtieth) ... quatre-vignt-dixième (ninetieth) centième (hundreth) ex: George Washington est le premier président américain. (George Washington is the first president).

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References: Rochester, Myrna B. Easy French Step-by-Step, United States, McGraw-Hill Education, 2009, 66-71 https://www.lawlessfrench.com/grammar/interrogative-pronouns/ https://www.lawlessfrench.com/grammar/interrogative-adjectives/ CollinsDictionary for French and English translations Forvo (https://forvo.com/), a French pronunciation database with samples from native French speakers

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