Question

A photo showing small plants sprouting from a cooled lava rock field.

Which would be the most accurate title for this picture?
primary succession after a controlled fire
primary succession after a volcanic eruption
secondary succession after a controlled fire
secondary succession after a volcanic eruption

Answer 1

picture for reference

the caption says this is a lava rock field. therefore, that narrows us down to choices 2 and 4, as lava is the result of a volcanic eruption not a fire. now, think about the difference between primary + secondary succession

- in primary succession, a pioneer species colonizes a newly formed/exposed area
- in secondary succession, some event disturbs a habitat but still leaves some life, followed by the re-colonization of the area

so, which do you think better applies to the situation described by the image + caption?