Question

Module 5 - Modern Era

(05.08)

Answer 1

1. Why did King Louis XVI call the Estates General into session in May 1789?

A) He wanted to introduce a new legislature in which the Third Estate had more power.

B) He sought the assembly's permission for new taxes to solve France's debt crisis.

C) He vainly wished to gain the people's support in his attempt to stop the revolution.

D) He tried to impose a constitutional monarchy in which he would remain king.



2. Jean-Jacque Rousseau wrote, "Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains." How could this statement be rephrased to reflect Thomas Hobbes's viewpoint of society?

A) Man is born in chains, but can be set free through good deeds.

B) Man is born happy, but becomes more miserable as he ages.

C) Man is born poor, but can be enriched through life experience.

D) Man is born selfish, but can be protected by government.



3. What shift in scientific thinking took place in the 1500s and 1600s?

A) Scientists began to observe the world around them.

B) Scientists started using deductive rather than inductive reasoning.

C) Scientists revised their theories to more closely align with the Church's teachings.

D) Scientists relied more on testing ideas through experiments.



4. How did humanism contribute to the Scientific Revolution?

A) Humanism was embraced by the Catholic Church, which sponsored humanist scientists.

C) Humanism inspired the idea that knowledge could be gained through the evidence provided by human senses and reasoning.

B) Humanism cast doubt on Christian beliefs, inspiring many Christians to use scientific research to prove their faith.

D) The Church's persecution of humanists inspired a backlash that became the Scientific Revolution.



5. Why did Maria Winkelmann Kirch face challenges in being recognized as a scientist?

A) The calendars that she produced were proven to be incorrect.

B) Many academic institutions in society considered a woman's role to lie outside science.

C) Her husband Gottfried had a negative reputation in the scientific community.

D) No women were allowed to use scientific equipment during this era.



6. Why did some philosophers and scientists criticize Margaret Cavendish?

A) They accused her of taking credit for her husband's work.

B) They considered her a traitor for helping the exiled Queen Maria Henrietta.

C) They found it unusual for a woman to publish writings under her own name.

D) They believed her poetry discussed dangerous topics and would incite rebellion.



7. Which idea did David Hume contribute to both the philosophy and the science of the Enlightenment?

A) The nature of God will forever be a mystery to human beings.

B) Given the choice between two theories, the simpler one is usually correct.

C) All we know is what we experience ourselves.

D) Humans are governed by reason rather than desire.



8. Why did Adam Smith support the "invisible hand" of the market?

A) He believed free markets were the only way to keep society from falling into chaos.

B) He believed the economy was better off without government involvement.

C) He believed laissez-faire policies were the best way to keep the three major social classes stable.

D) He believed capitalism gave the most intelligent people an opportunity for success.



9. How was James I's rule of England similar to Peter the Great's rule of Russia?

A) Both reduced the size of their empire.

B) Both increased their own power without approval by other government entities.

C) Both relied heavily on the opinions of their subjects when making decisions.

D) Both enacted policies that decreased taxes.



10. How does the role of the Russian nobility in government during the 18th century compare to that of the French nobility in the 17th century?

A) Russian nobles were forbidden from taking positions in government, while French nobles were encouraged to take active roles in government.

B) In both France and Russia, nobles dominated the government, weakening the power of the monarchy.

C) In France, nobles were removed from a role in government, while in Russia they were employed in government.

D) In both France and Russia, nobles were excluded from government, which was administrated by commoners.



11. What ideas did Isaac Newton contribute to the Scientific Revolution?

A) ideas that would later influence the space program

B) ideas that would promote the development of typewriters

C) ideas that promoted the Church's view of science

D) ideas that advanced the medical field



12. How did Galileo's work as an astronomer contribute to the acceptance of Copernicus's heliocentric system?

A) Galileo's refined telescope made astronomical observations possible which verified heliocentrism.

B) Galileo took the brunt of the Catholic Church's disapproval, making it easier for Copernicus to express his ideas.

C) Galileo was a high-ranking official in the church, and he used his influence to protect Copernicus.

D) Galileo was a popular figure in Renaissance Italy, and he incorporated the Copernican system into his own research.



13. How was France's Ancien Régime challenged by Enlightenment philosophies?

A) The monarchy and nobility increased their status and prestige.

B) King Louis XVI began challenging the power of the Catholic Church.

C) Lower- and middle-class citizens became more insistent on gaining equal rights.

D) Thinkers such as John Locke and Thomas Hobbes personally led French rebellions.



14. Why is Bastille Day a symbol of French national pride?

A) It marks the day when King Louis XIV and Marie Antoinette were executed.

B) It contradicts the idea that the French Revolution was essentially destructive.

C) It shows that the three Estates of 18th century France were able to agree.

D) It celebrates a day when the French masses rose up against oppression.



15. How did the French Revolution increase national pride and patriotism in France?

A) It taught the French that nations are more important than individuals.

B) It forcibly removed the most unpatriotic segment of French society.

C) It showed that the French followed the ideals of the Enlightenment.

D) It led common people to believe that they lived in a fairer society.

Answer 2

@redred413

Answer 3

@Opcode @SnuggieLad @geovannie.rodriguez1 @texaschic101

Answer 4

Oh wow! Thats a lot. I might be able to answer a few, lets see what I can do.

Answer 5

Okay. Can we at least do the first half? First 7 or 8?

Answer 6

#1 is To solve the financial crisis in France.
The National Debt was out of control,at 113 million livres - the equivalent of over $20 trillion in today's money.

Answer 7

Seven and eight first? Ok, I'll try.

Answer 8

No I meant like can we do numbers 1-7 or 1-8 since all is not possible?

Answer 9

I mean you can do it first. I don't understand any of it, but you are explaining it well. Thanks.

Answer 10

#7 I found here http://openstudy.com/study#/updates/515f15d9e4b0115bc14d3b92

Making the answer D.

Answer 11

#8 here. http://openstudy.com/study#/updates/5124d527e4b02ca4087b6d59

Making the Answer B.

Answer 12

Mhm.

Answer 13

Could you help with 2-6?

Answer 14

Sure.

Answer 15

thanks.

Answer 16

@wmckinely

Answer 17

#6= c. C) They found it unusual for a woman to publish writings under her own name

Answer 18

Here are some:)
3. A
4. C
5. C
7. D

Answer 19

Thankks you guys

Answer 20

Thnx @wmckinely. I got kinda distracted helping someone :D You deserve a medal.

Answer 21

2...."Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains."...
B) Man is born happy, but becomes more miserable as he ages.

Answer 22

#9= Both increased their own power without approval by other government entities.
Also known as B.

Answer 23

8. B (I think)
9. B
11. A

Answer 24

!0=B-I think.

Answer 25

10* I mean...

Answer 26

All I need left is 13-15.

Answer 27

Ok.

Answer 28

13 is kinda hard...lemme research it.

Answer 29

Okay, thanks.

Answer 30

14. I believe is B
15. D

Answer 31

13 is either C or D

Answer 32

I think C?

Answer 33

Probably...Lets go with C.

Answer 34

I think that about wraps things up here for us right?

Answer 35

I feel as though @wmckinely deserves more medals than any one else here.