Question

relate the properties of water to its polarity and hydrogen bonding between molecules

Answer 1

In water you have an oxygen atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms. The fact that there is an electronegativity difference between the two atoms, means that the electrons spend more time around oxygen then they do hydrogen. This creates the polarity that accounts for why the molecule is polar. The presence of the lone pairs also accounts for something interesting called hydrogen bonding. Which is when you have a highly electronegative element, oxygen, nitrogen and fluorine, bonded to a hydrogen which makes it an hydrogen bond donor and a lone pair of electrons to accept a hydrogen. These favors bonding between water molecules which increases the boiling point because more energy is needed to break the bond between the molecules.

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