Question

Can anyone explain the ortho effect ??

Answer 1

@parthkohli

Answer 2

In organic chemistry?

Answer 3

Yep

Answer 4

The reasoning also ...

Answer 5

I think a good place to start is here, look at the question and this very first answer here: http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/7683/ortho-effect-in-substituted-aromatic-acids-and-bases

Do your best to understand that, and I can help fill in the gaps and clarify anything if you need, since this is kind of technical/confusing.

Answer 6

@kainui what i came up with was this..
We consider at first the case of
o -toluidine .Now we know that methyl group is at ortho position to the Nh2 group so basically what it will do is affect its rate of protonation or we can say that it will not allow it to be a better base because it is not stabilized by resonance...

Answer 7

Or even as they say cause it to move out of plane of benzene ring and hence no stabilization would be seen due to thr same..

Answer 8

Now if we go on to check for o- toluic acid then again the Methyl group will exert its hinderance .Now we deprotonate the acid to get COO- group on benzene and check for its stability.
Now since the methyl group causes it to move out of the plane of benzene ring due to steric reasons the COO- group will not longer be able to withdraw the electrons from the benzene
And hence it can better work out the resonance among its 2 oxygen atoms and hence stabilize itself...
Thereby it's a very strong acid..

Answer 9

Sorry sir bt i think that the reason that i gave for toluidine is a wromg explanation...!

Answer 10

@kainui would you help?