How do scientists quantitatively understand geomorphological concepts like peneplanation or retrogressive erosion over millions of years? I'm stumped.

Question

How do scientists quantitatively understand geomorphological concepts like peneplanation or retrogressive erosion over millions of years?  I'm stumped.

Mason1239 · Answer

Scientists quantitatively understand long term geomorphology like peneplanation and retrogressive erosion by combining field measurements erosion rates,sediment fluxes dating techniques cosmogenic nuclides thermochronology sediment analysis(pollen fossils geophysical method and sophisticated landscape evolution models

Jake1235 · Answer

@mason1239 wrote:

Scientists quantitatively understand long term geomorphology like peneplanation and retrogressive erosion by combining field measurements erosion rates,sediment fluxes dating techniques cosmogenic nuclides thermochronology sediment analysis(pollen fossils geophysical method and sophisticated landscape evolution models

thanks that really helps.

Mason1239 · Answer

ofc

XxXImHerXxX · Answer

Scientists quantitatively understand long-term geomorphology like peneplanation and retrogressive erosion by combining field measurements (erosion rates, uplift) with cosmogenic nuclide dating, sediment analysis, and landscape evolution modeling, treating landscapes as time-telescopes to reconstruct past processes from present-day remnants and applying uniformitarianism, linking observed slow changes to ancient, massive landscape transformations over millions of years.

JBlizzy · Answer

Scientists quantitatively understand long-term geomorphological concepts like peneplanation and retrogressive erosion through a combination of geochronological dating techniques, quantitative modeling, and analysis of geological records.