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Mathematics 44 Online
OpenStudy (anonymous):

Prove the identity. csc(X)-sin(x)/csc(x)+sin(x)=cos^2x/1+sin^2x

OpenStudy (yuki):

sorry I tried, but it doesn't seem straight forward.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

its okay, at least you put effort into it

OpenStudy (anonymous):

This isn't as hard as it looks :)

OpenStudy (anonymous):

\[\csc x =\frac{1}{\sin x}\]by definition, so\[\frac{\csc x - \sin x}{\csc x + \sin x}=\frac{\frac{1}{\sin x}-\sin x}{\frac{1}{\sin x}+\sin x}=\frac{\frac{1-\sin^2x}{\sin x}}{\frac{1+\sin^2 x}{\sin x}}=\frac{1-\sin^2 x}{\sin x}\frac{\sin x}{1+\sin^2x}\]\[=\frac{1-\sin^2 x}{1+\sin^2x}=\frac{\cos^2x}{1+\sin^2x}\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Do you need it to be explained more?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yes if you don't care to

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Is there a specific part?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

OpenStudy (anonymous):

You can refer to the part by the number on the attachment, if that's easier.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

brb

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yes that made it alot easier to see thank you! do u care to help me on another one?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Oh, so you're okay with the last one?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yes i knew how to get it started i just didnt know how to simplify that complex fraction, but i understand now.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Good. What's your other question?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

solve this trig equation on the interval 0<x<2pi, express answer for angles as exact value in radians. 2cos^2x+3cosx+1=0

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Alright...this is a quadratic equation in cos(x). If you 'see' cos(x) as something like, 'u', then you have the equation\[2u^2+3u+1=0\]

OpenStudy (amistre64):

2 or 3 more and we can start a club ;)

OpenStudy (anonymous):

It can be factored into \[(2u+1)(u+1)=0\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yeah, but in 30s you'll be on infinity hero, so... :)

OpenStudy (amistre64):

lol.... by then ill just need another account :)

OpenStudy (anonymous):

No, by then it's like TRON and you're sucked into the website.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Sorry mj

OpenStudy (anonymous):

is it (2cos^2+1)(cosx+1) btw no harm here i aprreciate your help!

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yes it is.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

That whole thing is equal to zero, though.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Which means either 2cos^2x+1 = 0 OR cos(x) + 1 = 0 OR they are BOTH zero. The solution set is all x's that satisfy those conditions (just like a 'normal' quadratic).

OpenStudy (anonymous):

how do i find the angles? thats where i have a problem

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yep...I'll do them on paper first.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Okay thanks!

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Okay, if you look at the first factor, you should see something fishy...\[2\cos^2 x + 1 =0 \rightarrow \cos^2x=-\frac{1}{2}\]We have something squared on the left-hand side, and a negative on the right-hand side. If you're only using real numbers (which is what's going on here), this can't happen, so there are no x-values that satisfy this particular equation.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

The square of any real number is always 0 or positive.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

For the second factor, you have\[\cos x = -1\]On the interval \[0 \le x \lt 2\pi\]this happens for \[x=\pi\]only.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

If you plu x=pi into your original equation, you will get 0.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

*plug

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Thanks! if i had (sin(x)-4)(sin(x)+1) how would i find the angles on the same interval?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Is that equal to zero?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yes sorry i forgot

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Okay...it's the same deal...always... Either one or both of the factors have to be zero, so you set each one to zero and solve for any possible x-values. Here, in your first factor, you have sin(x)-4 = 0 --> sin(x)=4 This cannot happen (sin(x) oscillates between -1 and 1...there are no values of x here that will punch out a 4, so you won't be getting any solutions from this factor. Note, if it had been something like 4sin(x)-4 = 0 --> sin(x) =4/4 = 1 and you would have solutions). Sot the second factor, you have sin(x)+1=0 which means sin(x) = -1 When does sin(x) = -1 on this interval?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

*'Sot' = 'For'.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

is it -pi/2 +2kpi =3pi/2

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yes it is.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

3pi/2

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Be careful when using formulas like that; you need to ensure you give the angle that lies in the interval they want (even though -pi/2 is the same as 3pi/2 when considered in the context of plugging into sine, cosine, etc.).

OpenStudy (anonymous):

so sinx=3pi/2

OpenStudy (anonymous):

No, \[\sin \frac{3\pi}{2}=-1\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

You're trying to find the x's that, when plugged into sine, give -1.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

oh so x=3pi/2 i made a mistake

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yes.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

you have been a lifesaver, that helped me out alot, especially with the identities.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

You're welcome, mj :)

OpenStudy (anonymous):

So that's it? You're done?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Uhm this one seems simple but i forgot the identity to use 5sin^2x+2cos^2x=5-3cos^2x

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Okay...this might be more than you have to do, but technically, this is how you would prove it 'properly'.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Assume that the statement is not true. Then,\[5\sin^2 x + 2\cos^2 x \ne 5-3 \cos^2 x\]But then adding 3cos^2x to both sides gives,\[5\sin^2 x + 5 \cos^2 x \ne 5\]Now, the left-hand side is just\[5\sin^2 x + 5 \cos^2 x=5(\sin^2 x + \cos^2 x) = 5\]which would mean,\[5=5\sin^2 x + 5 \cos^2 x \ne 5\]That is,\[5 \ne 5\]which is false.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Our assumption that the original statement was false led to a contradiction, so we must take the original statement as true.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

The statement is either true or false. If it's not false, it must me true.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

If you're not happy with that way, I have another.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

i dont think thats what im lookin for my teacher makes us make one side the same as the other side :/

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yeah...I'll do it another way.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Take the right-hand side first. You have\[5-3\cos^2 x\]which equals,\[5(1)-3\cos^2 x\]\[=5(\sin^2x + \cos^2x)-3\cos^2x\]\[=5\sin^2x + 5\cos^2x-3\cos^2 x\]\[=5\sin^2 x+2\cos^2x\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

ahh thats exactly what i was looking for i was thinking you would use sin^2+cos^2=1 for this

OpenStudy (anonymous):

No more questions then?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

tan(x/2)sinx=1-cosx LHS tan(x/2)sinx=1-cos/sin(sin/1)=1-cosx did i do that right?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

I'm not sure what you did. This is what I would do:

OpenStudy (anonymous):

\[\tan \frac{x}{2}\sin x = \frac{\sin \frac{x}{2}}{\cos \frac{x}{2}}.2\sin \frac{x}{2}\cos \frac{x}{2}=2\sin^2 \frac{x}{2}=1-\cos x\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Since by the double angle formula for cosine,\[\cos x = \cos ^2 \frac{x}{2}-\sin^2 \frac{x}{2}=1-2\sin^2 \frac{x}{2} \rightarrow 2\sin^2 \frac{x}{2}=1-\cos x\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

cos(alpha+beta)/sin(alpha)cos(beta)=cot(alpha)-tan(beta) cos(alpha)cos(beta)-sin(alpha)sin(beta)/.5(sin(alpha+beta)+sin(alpha-beta) how would i finish that

OpenStudy (anonymous):

\[\frac{\cos(\alpha + \beta)}{\sin \alpha \cos \beta}=\frac{\cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta}{\sin \alpha \cos \beta}\]\[=\frac{\cos \alpha \cos \beta}{\sin \alpha \cos \beta }-\frac{\sin \alpha \sin \beta }{\sin \alpha \cos \beta}\]\[=\frac{\cos \alpha}{\sin \alpha}-\frac{\sin \beta }{\cos \beta}\]\[=\cot \alpha - \tan \beta\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

That was a much easier way of doing it, identities must take alot of practice to get use to.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yeah. It's mostly intuition as to how to start and how to close. That comes from practice!

OpenStudy (anonymous):

I can tell the preparation and follow through is the hardest part! cos(x/2) cos(x/2)=square root of 1+4/5/2 =square root of 9/5/2 =square root of 9/10 is that right if cosx=4/5 with 3pi/2<x<2pi ?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Um, it's hard for me to tell since I'm not sure of your order of operations.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

What's under the square root?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

\[\frac{\sqrt{1+4/5}}{2}\]?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

i used the half angle formula for cos YES that is correct

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Yes, and it's positive root if you're in that interval.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yes that is what i used how bout tan(2x) on same interval if i typed out what i have it would be hard for you to understand

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Do you know how to use the equation editor? The button below will take you there.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

oh i didnt know that thank you!

OpenStudy (anonymous):

\[\tan2(\theta)=1-\cos(2\theta)\div2\div1+\cos(2\theta)\div2 \]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

lol...it's not clear...is it...\[\tan 2 \theta =\frac{\frac{1-\cos 2 \theta}{2}}{\frac{1+ \cos 2 \theta}{2}}\]?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yes thats what i was trying to do i got -3/13 for the answer but im not sure about it

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Are you trying to find tan(2 theta) and the right-hand side is what you came up with?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yes im trin to find tan(2theta) on the interval 3pi/2<x<2pi i used the double angle formula for tan

OpenStudy (anonymous):

For you to get a number, tan(2theta) would have to have been set equal to something in the first place. Is that what you have?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Because tan(2theta) takes an infinity of values on that interval...unless tan(2theta)=(something) to begin with.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yes thats what i have it equal to

OpenStudy (anonymous):

ok...let me see.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

okay!

OpenStudy (anonymous):

I'll tell you what I'm doing (because I'm being distracted)...since cos2theta is all the rage in this equation, try to get everything in terms of cos(2theta) and determine a polynomial in cos(2theta),\[P(\cos 2 \theta)=0\]Then solve for the roots of the polynomial.

OpenStudy (anonymous):

okay i will do that! can you tell me how to simplify real quick (-1/2)(4/5)-square root of 3/2(3/5)

OpenStudy (anonymous):

I need you to use the equation editor ::

OpenStudy (anonymous):

\[-1/2(4/5)-(\sqrt{3/2})(3/5)\]

OpenStudy (anonymous):

\[-\frac{1}{2}\frac{4}{5}-\frac{3}{5}\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\]do you mean this?

OpenStudy (anonymous):

yess that is right

OpenStudy (anonymous):

OpenStudy (anonymous):

Thank you for everything! I appreciate your time!

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