Question

What is the difference between a genome and genotype?

Answer 1

Generally, the genome refers to the entire genetic makeup of a person and genotype generally is referring to a few specific traits.

Answer 2

what about when we are talking about alleles? Which one would we most be referring to?

Answer 3

Alleles are individual copies of a gene or genetic locus, so each individual has two alleles unless something odd is going on like Down's syndrome or a gene amplification in cancer or other pathological state. In genetics, generally an allele will produce a protein that produces a phenotype ie a physical manifestation. Because there are two copies one might be dominant over the other.