Question

What causes magnetism? I read moving charges produce magnetic fields but how come a bar magnet does the same thing? Also why is the force on a moving charge placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to the velocity and the field? (ie why is f perpendicular to v and b)

Answer 1

Some electrons in the atoms of the bar magnet create a sort of local current, and align themselves together, making the bar magnet similar to a solenoid.

Answer 2

Can we say that electrons in a bar magnet and in a current carrying wire align themselves in a same particular way and hence produce the same field. Can someone explain me , in an atomic scale, what happens in a conducting wire if a voltage is applied across it??

Answer 3

materials are called conductor because they have free electrons. those free electrons in the conductor will start to move in opposite to the direction of the electric field. And the moving electron will create magnetic field around the wire.