Question

Which type of scientist examines aspects of past cultures such as traditions, language, social habits, and the daily lives of people?

Answer 1

its archaeology

Answer 2

i meant its a archaeologist

Answer 3

The general term is "anthropologist," but if the examination is done by studying artifacts (rather than, say, written records or undertaking comparative studies) then you have an "archaeologist," which is a type of anthropologist. Neither is strictly speaking a scientist, but what is sometimes called a "social scientist," meaning a hybrid of a science and the traditional humanities.

That is, an anthropologist does not proceed only via empirical study and experiment, but quite often also by means of logical argument, deduction, and inference. In pure science we would not accept a hypothesis such as "Most Romans born in the 1st century AD loved their children" without an experimental measurement backing it up. In the humanities, we tend to accept such a statement by generalizing from our own experiences, and our belief that people haven't changed much over the centuries. Notice the entrance of things like "beliefs" and "generalizing from our subjective experience." Those form no part of strict empirical science.