Discuss the means by which Machiavelli suggests Princes may defend themselves against their enemies. What does he consider to be the two most important assets of any state? Discuss

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Machiavelli's approach to governance was strictly based on pragmatic uses of power versus any morality. To him, you could be the nicest person on Earth, but it meant squat if you couldn't keep order within the state because of those same beliefs. In his view, you had to be willing to be ruthless in decision-making, even if it conflicted with your personal beliefs. Unless, of course, those same beliefs can be used to leverage your base against your enemies. He also pointed out that strong laws were needed to secure a state, and that a state also required a strong army to back it. He wasn't espousing the idea that a Prince should rule with an iron glove, but that a strong army was the result of a state secured with strong laws promoting stability. The two went hand in hand. Alliances were also important, but even here, Machiavelli recommends caution - never make an alliance with someone stronger than you, if only because they may make it seem as if you should be indebted to them. Instead, that's something that a prospective Prince should try to do to others instead. He also contended that the Prince should be both strong in body and mind. They must be physically active, but they also must be students of history with an eye towards anticipating whatever problems may be approaching. His book, "The Prince", covers more of his suggestions in detail and you can read a full copy here: http://www.constitution.org/mac/prince00.htm