What causes tides on earth?
The Moon's gravitational pull on the Earth, and to a lesser degree the Sun's gravity as well. The Sun's gravity force is much weaker on Earth's surface than the Moon's gravity because of its greater distance. While the Moon creates the overall change in the level of the oceans, each location will have slightly different tides because of sea depths, topography, and other factors.
Earth tide or body tide is the small (<1 metre) motion of the Earth's surface at periods of about 12 hours and longer. The motion is caused by the gravity of the Moon and Sun. The largest body tide constituents are semi-diurnal, but there are also significant diurnal, semi-annual, and fortnightly contributions. Though the gravitational forcing causing earth tides and ocean tides is the same, the responses are quite different.
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