Question

please help! stuck on hw!

Answer 1

Question 1 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.03 MC)

In what way did an increased skull and brain size affect hominid evolution from early ancestors to modern humans?

They became less reliant on vision and more reliant on all of their senses.

They became less reliant on tools and less reliant on social interactions.

The larger brain size increased, causing their overall body size to decrease.

The gestation and infant care period increased to allow the brain to develop.

Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.01 MC)

A platypus is classed as a mammal because it has fur and feeds its offspring milk, yet it lays eggs, which is uncommon for mammals but not for other vertebrates. Which of the following pieces of evidence would be most helpful in strengthening the case for continuing to classify it with the mammals?

Evidence that all vertebrates share a common ancestor.

Evidence that some platypuses have evolved to bear live young under certain circumstances.

Fossil evidence of platypuses living alongside other ancient mammals.

DNA evidence showing it was more closely related to mammals than to other vertebrates.

Question 3 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.03 MC)

An anthropologist compares the remains of Homo neaderthalensis to earlier hominid species, like Homo habilis, and to the contemporary and later species Homo sapiens. He believes that Homo neanderthalensis were the first hominids to bury their dead. What would make this conclusion incorrect?

Finding a fossil of Homo habilis beneath fossils of Homo neanderthalensis

Finding fossils of Homo neanderthalensis skeletons in isolation

Finding burial sites of modern Homo sapiens in the same region as Homo neanderthalensis fossils

Finding burial sites of Homo habilis on different continents

Question 4 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.03 MC)

Skulls of the following species are shown: (1) Modern gorilla, (2) Australopithecus afarensis, (3) Homo erectus, (4) Homo neanderthalensis, (5) Modern human. Skull (1) has a small, pointed cranium, a heavy jaw bone, long flat face, large pointed teeth, and large brow ridge above eye sockets. Skull (2) looks like (1) but has a small rounded cranium and smaller, rounded teeth. (3) looks more like a human skull, but is longer with a heavier jaw and larger teeth. (4) has a large, long skull with a protruding part in back, heavy brow and nose ridge, heavy jaw, large rounded teeth. (5) is a human skull, high forehead, large rounded cranium, slight nose bridge, very small brow ridge, thin jaw, small teeth. Caption: Skulls of (1) Modern gorilla, (2) Australopithecus afarensis, (3) Homo erectus, (4) Homo neanderthalensis, (5) Modern human.

Skulls of (1) Modern gorilla, (2) Australopithecus afarensis, (3) Homo erectus, (4) Homo neanderthalensis, (5) Modern human

Which of the following can be inferred from the differences between the skulls of Australopithecus afarensis and Homo neaderthalensis?

Australopithecus afarensis had a longer skull than Homo neaderthalensis and was the first hominid to create tools.

Australopithecus afarensis had a more pronounced nose than Homo neanderthalensis, suited to breathing cold air.

Homo neaderthalensis was taller than Australopithecus afarensis and was able to walk upright first.

Homo neaderthalensis had a larger cranial capacity than Australopithecus afarensis and had a larger brain.

Question 5 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.01 MC)

Organism A shares 50% of its DNA sequences with organism B, while organisms B and C share 90% of their DNA sequences. What can be concluded from this?

Organisms B and C are probably full siblings while organism A is a grandparent of both.

Organism A is more ancient than either organism B or organism C.

Organisms B and C are more closely related to each other than they are to organism A.

Organism A has suffered more mutations than organisms B or C.

Question 6 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.03 LC)

A team of scientists is conducting research to determine if two hominid species coexisted. Why it is important for the team to have their work reviewed by other scientists?

It increases the reliability of the scientists’ findings.

It generates funding that they can use to do more research.

It helps communicate the scientists’ ideas to the public.

It decreases the likelihood that their results will be questioned.

Question 7 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.02 MC)

Key deer, a subspecies of white-tailed deer, are only found on a few islands in the Florida Keys. They are tiny deer that weigh 45 to 65 pounds, which is very small compared to the 130- to 300-pound white-tailed deer that are found on the North American mainland. Which of the following conditions most likely resulted in the small size of the Key deer?

Limited size variations of deer that migrated to the islands resulted in smaller deer.

Limited food and water resources favored the survival of smaller deer.

Human influence caused increases in Key deer populations that improved genetic variation.

Overproduction of offspring on the mainland led to migration of small, less successful deer to the islands.

Question 8 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.01 MC)

The insulin used to treat people with diabetes is commonly produced by inserting the DNA sequence for human insulin into a bacterium. The insulin the bacterium produces using that sequence is then harvested. In fact, DNA sequences from virtually any living organism could be inserted into a bacterium and the bacterium would be able to use the sequences to make the same proteins that the original organism did. In what way does this provide evidence for evolution?

Since bacteria are able to use DNA from other organisms, they must have evolved from them as a common descendant.

Bacteria must be less evolved than higher organisms since they can still make proteins from the DNA of other organisms.

Since the genetic code is the same across species, these species must have inherited it from a common ancestor.

Since foreign DNA was added to the bacteria, it evolved beyond higher organisms.

Question 9 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.02 HC)

Guppies living in a stream have a variety of spot patterns, some of which provide good camouflage against the stones in the streambed and others of which make them stand out against the background, allowing potential mates to see them more easily. If a predator that hunted by sight were introduced to the stream, what would be the most likely long-term consequence for the guppy population?

The number of guppies in the population would decline, although most of the remaining ones would be uncamouflaged.

The guppy population would devise a mutation that allowed the camouflaged guppies to find mates by scent or sound.

The guppy population would die out since none of the guppies would be able to find mates.

The number of camouflaged guppies in the population would increase while the number of successful matings decreased.

Question 10 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.02 MC)

The following observations have been made about moose living in the northeastern forests of the United States.

Male moose grow very broad antlers each year and lose them after the mating season in autumn.
Large, heavy antlers can make escaping predators in a forest difficult if the trees grow closely together or if the underbrush is thick.
Female moose do not develop antlers.
Female moose raise their calves alone without the assistance of males.
What is the most likely inference that can be drawn from these observations?
Having antlers makes the males grow bigger so they can better compete for food in the fall.

Antlers make a male moose more likely to attract a mate and pass on the gene for antlers.

Male moose spend all their excess energy growing antlers and cannot help raise offspring.

Male moose without antlers are more attractive to females because they can escape predators.

Question 11 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.01 MC)

Based on fossilized evidence, there are scientific claims made about the evolution of certain species. If a scientist studying the fossils of a specific species had a hypothesis other than what was currently accepted, what steps should be taken to have the alternative hypothesis considered?

Since the original hypothesis is untestable given the circumstances, another one is more likely to be correct.

If an alternative hypothesis sounds plausible it could be used in place of the original hypothesis.

The scientist should publish the alternative hypothesis in a popular magazine to gain public support.

It is useful to test alternative hypotheses and know that they are incorrect.

Question 12 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

(05.01 LC)

Which observation supports the inference that humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor?

Chimpanzees and humans eat fruit, meat, and vegetation.

Chimpanzees and humans have five-toed feet and backbones.

Chimpanzees and humans have nearly identical DNA..

Chimpanzees and humans live in the same time period.

Answer 2

Hmm. you want us to check.

Answer 3

Welcome to OpenStudy @butternutter !

Answer 4

@beccaboo333 @rose21

Answer 5

thanks! i need to make sure my answers are right :)

Answer 6

Wish they were numbered better...

Answer 7

1-c
2-d
3-?
4-d
5-c
6-a
7-b
8-d
9-a
10-b
11-d
12-c

Answer 8

welcome to open study @butternutter and so far 1,2 and 4 are right i am working on 3

Answer 9

thank you so much :)

Answer 10

ur welcome
:)

Answer 11

5,6 and 7 are right so far

Answer 12

what about 3?

Answer 13

i am checking the others first then i will do that
two more left 2 check

Answer 14

ok the others are correct but i am not so sure about 9 and I think 8 is actually C

Answer 15

sorry i have 8 as c on my paper but put d on here :/ so, yes thank you

Answer 16

ur welcome :) and i think 3 is D

Answer 17

thanks for the help!

Answer 18

ur welcome :) glad i can help :) and thanks for the medal :)