Question

What difficulties did the conservatives in Austria,Prussia,and Russia face after the Napoleonic Wars?

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Napoleon's conquests and campaigns had spread the ideas of the French Revolution across Europe,and also ideas of nationalism in many areas that were either controlled by foreign rulers (for example Austrian provinces in Italy),or where people with a common ethnicity,culture,and language were split amongst a number of small or medium sized states rather than in one unified state (for example Germany). Both these factors threatened the traditional power and control of areas in Prussia,Austria,and Russia.

These difficulties were solved by repression of such sentiments through control of the central government. Rule over all the areas concerned was returned to the major powers.Internal uprisings (such as in Hungary in 1848 and Poland in 1830) were crushed by overwhelming military force, and a crackdown on nationalists and liberals followed.

The Concert of Europe aimed to solve disputes between the major powers,or disputes that effected them, through the Congress System,using diplomacy and negotiation to arrive at a common consensus acceptable to all the major powers.

The Congress of Vienna changed international relations by introducing the Congress System.This was designed to solve disputes through negotiation and diplomacy rather than war, and thus maintain a balance of power in continental Europe where none of the Great Powers would feel threatened by any of the others.