Question

an electric dipole is placed in a region of uniform electric field E, with the electric dipole moment p, pointing in the direction opposite to E. Is the dipole in a stable equilibrium, unstable equilibrium, or neither? why?

Answer 1

@abb0t please help...

Answer 2

The dipole faces the opposite direction of the electric field, so the dipole will rotate to align with the electric field, i think this is called unstable equilibrium.

Answer 3

Yes, the dipole is in a state of unstable equilibrium. This is because, although there are no net forces or torques on the dipole when it is placed in position, the slightest disturbance will send it away from its starting position. If the dipole was in stable equilibrium, it would tend to return to its starting position when disturbed, which in this case it does not do.