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OpenStudy (princedragon):

What is the correct order of the following events on the road to German unification? 1. Zollverein 2. North German Confederation 3. Frankfurt Assembly 4. Confederation of the Rhine

OpenStudy (confluxepic):

\(\huge\color{blue}{Welcome~To~OpenStudy!}\) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unification_of_Germany @PrinceDragon

OpenStudy (confluxepic):

1801: Napoleon Bonaparte, self-crowned emperor of France, began his conquests of Germanic states east of the Rhine. 1804: Dissolution of the Austrian-led Holy Roman Empire, Francis I of Austria declared the new Austrian Empire. 1806: Napoleon grouped the Germanic states into the Confederation of the Rhine as a French client-state. 1815: After the defeat of Napoleon, the Congress of Vienna reinstated the Germanic states into the German Confederation under the leadership of the Austrian Empire. 1819: The Carlsbad Decrees suppressed any form of pan-Germanic activities to avoid the creation of a 'German state'; the Kingdom of Prussia, however, initiated a customs union with other Confederation states. 1834: The Prussian-led custom union evolved into the Zollverein that included almost all Confederation states except the Austrian Empire. 1848: Revolts across the German Confederation, such as Berlin, Dresden and Frankfurt, forced the Prussian King Frederik Wilhelm IV to grant a constitution to the Confederation. In the meantime, the Frankfurt Parliament was set up in 1848 and attempted to proclaim a united Germany, but this was refused by Frederik Wilhelm IV. The question of a united Germany under the Kleindeutsch Solution (to exclude Austria) or the so-called Großdeutsch (to include Austria) began to surface. 1861: King Wilhelm I became King of Prussia and he appointed Otto von Bismarck as the Chancellor, who favoured a 'blood-and-iron' policy to create a united Germany under the leadership of Prussia. 1864: Danish-Prussian War started as Prussia protested against Danish incoporation of Schleswig into the Kingdom of Denmark. The Austrian Empire was deliberately drawn into this war by Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Prussia. The Austro-Prussian victory led to Schleswig, the northern part, being governed by Prussia and Holstein, the southern part, being governed by Austria. (Treaty of Vienna (1864)) 1866: Bismarck accused the Austrian Empire of stirring up troubles in Prussia-held Schleswig. Prussian troops drove into Austrian-held Holstein and took control of the entire state of Schleswig-Holstein. Austria declared war on Prussia and, after fighting the Austro-Prussian War (Seven Weeks' War), was swiftly defeated. The Treaty of Prague (1866) formally dissolved the German Confederation and Prussia created the North German Confederation to include all Germanic states except the pro-French, southern kingdoms of Bavaria, Baden and Württemberg. 1870: When the French emperor, Napoleon III, demanded territories of the Rhineland in return for his neutrality amid the Austro-Prussian War, Bismarck used the Spanish Succession Question and Ems Telegram (1868) as an opportunity to incorporate the southern kingdoms. Napoleon III declared war against Prussia. 1871: The Franco-Prussian War ended with Prussian troops capturing Paris, the capital of the Second French Empire. Bavaria, Baden, and Württemberg were incorporated into the North German Confederation in the Treaty of Frankfurt (1871). Bismarck then proclaimed King Wilhelm I, now Kaiser Wilhelm I, as leader of the new, united Germany (German Reich). With the German troops remaining in Paris, Napoleon III dissolved the French Empire and a new republic, Third French Republic, was created under Adolphe Thiers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unification_of_Germany#Brief_summary_of_timeline

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