Question

what is a ribosome

Answer 1

Proteins control an assortment of traits and trigger many cell processes. DNA provides instructions for making proteins. DNA cannot leave the nucleus, thus it needs other molecules to build proteins. RNA, or ribonucleic acid, helps with protein building. RNA is similar to DNA, except RNA contains the base uracil (U) instead of thymine (T). In RNA, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), and guanine (G) continues to pair with cytosine (C). Transcription is the first part of the protein-building process in which a single-stranded molecule called messenger RNA, or mRNA, collects instructions from DNA and transfers the instructions from the nucleus into the cytoplasm of the cell.

Translation can now begin. During translation, the mRNA is passed through a ribosome, which is a cell organelle composed of protein and ribosomal RNA, or rRNA. The mRNA jumps through the ribosome three bases at a time, which provides instructions to attach a specific amino acid to the protein being created. Transfer RNA, or tRNA, delivers amino acids to the ribosome, which connects amino acids together to make a protein.