Question

A population of hummingbirds is composed of individuals with short or long beaks, which they use to reach nectar inside flowers. A flowering trumpet vine that produces many deep, bell-shaped flowers is introduced to the region, resulting in fewer short-beaked and more long-beaked hummingbirds. Which of the following conditions most likely caused this shift in the hummingbird population?

Answer 1

Hummingbird predators avoided areas where the trumpet vine grew.
Hummingbirds that compete for nectar were more successful with long beaks.
Hummingbirds with short beaks overproduced offspring with longer beaks.
Hummingbirds starved because the trumpet vine limited the food supply.

Answer 2

Hummingbirds that compete for nectar were more successful with long beaks.