Question

For this task, you will imagine that you are a reporter for a scientific magazine. Your task is to explain the process of protein synthesis to someone who does NOT have a science background. Therefore, the explanation needs to be in simple enough terms for anyone to understand.

Answer 1

I recommend you use illustrations/analogies to explain the process.

In general sense you have gene (DNA) --> transcription to form mRNA --> translation of mRNA by ribosomes to formamino acid chains/peptides then proteins.
Genes are made up of a molecule known as DNA which holds all the important instructions for forming proteins and regulation cellular processes.

Transcription is the process of transferring the content from double stranded DNA into single stranded mRNA (like taking a copy of the master blueprint). mRNA can be run through and read (translated) by an enzyme known as a ribosome (think of a factory, with an upper and lower assembly unit and automated conveyor belt), which recruits t-RNA synthetases to assemble amino acids together depending on an ordered, coded triplet sequence from the mRNA (codon). The assembled amino acids form peptides and proteins.