Question

How was citizenship defined during each time period?
How was enfranchisement (the right to vote) defined?
(during the time period of 1776-1870)

Answer 1

@SmokeyBrown if you feel like doing some research would you mind addressing this question please?

Answer 2

Around the beginning of this time period, you have important historical events like the French Revolution as well as the American Revolutionary War. Citizenship shifted from a system called 'ancien regime', which was structured like a totem pole, on which serfs answered to vassals, who answered to lords, who turn answered to the king or queen.
With revolution came more democratic ideals of government, and the meaning of citizenship changed in much the same way. Rather than subjects being responsible for meeting the needs of their rulers, the government became responsible for meeting the needs of its citizens.
Of course, citizens had some responsibility to uphold as well. Taxes were then used more for public works, rather than to bolster the wealth of individual rulers. Citizens gained the right and responsibility of selecting their own rulers under the democratic system. I guess this is where enfranchisement comes in. While voting did allow for more representation of individual citizens, I think that early on, only select groups were able to take advantage of this privilege, namely landowning men. Women and the destitute were excluded.