Question

how was Cyber warfare made and how did it effect the enemy ?

Answer 1

The internet is almost everywhere nowadays and nearly everyone with the capability to do so uses it for whatever reason whether it's in bringing jihadists together on forums or simply communicating to troops in the field using encrypted feeds (outside the internet).

Cyber warfare is waged against those sources whether it's the servers that help promote the enemy's interests or run their infrastructure. At least that's the largest body of conflict that the term encompasses. In a simpler definition, it's the battle being waged between hackers and their targets.

It can effect the enemy greatly if done right. By hacking into an enemy's information network, it's possible to cripple their operations by knowing everything about their plans or eavesdropping on their communications. It can destroy a nation's ability to rally its citizens together on the 'net, or disrupt recruitment efforts by enemy elements using the web as a tool in the same way.

The recent events in Syria which shut down much of its outgoing internet traffic because of the war being fought there and the battle by the rebels to keep the lines open can be considered a form of cyber warfare in an extreme sense. In that case, the government wanted to restrict all information from getting out. The rebels did their best to circumvent the blocks.

State sanctioned cyber warfare is rarely reported, but it happens, such as when Russia attacked Georgia. Georgia reported that many of its websites were hacked and disrupted by an outside group during the assault.