Question

How do people make up for water scarcity in the dry parts of Israel?

Answer 1

??? multiple choice??

Answer 2

The Sea of Galilee accounts for about 30% of the country's drinking water. But Israel's water supply comes from a variety of other sources - natural springs, groundwater from coastal and mountain aquifers, reservoirs (mostly in the south) and desalination plants.

The public are encouraged to use less water by government-sponsored advertising campaigns and by taxing water. Municipalities have reduced the amount of water they use for watering public gardens by using water-saving plants and adding stones to decorate flower beds. Tourism isn't really affected by the water shortage at all, as clean drinking water is available in all the tourist areas. Industry and agriculture account for the largest amount of water consumpton, and these are the areas that are worst hit.

Answer 3

Water Recycling
More than half of the water used for irrigation is recycled (grey) water. Scientists are working all the time on improving the efficiency of growing crops to produce more for less water. In fact, Israel has become so good at conserving and recycling water that it markets it's technologies to other parts of the world where there is a water shortage. It is already way ahead of any other country in the world with it's water recycling programme.

There are two main sewage treatments centres for recycling water - one in the north at Karmiel and the other in Ashdod in the south. After the water has been filtered, it is treated to remove bacteria and diseases. It can then be used for agriculture or returned to natural water sources.

Wetlands
Man-made wetlands have been constructed in many areas as a more cost-efficient and aesthetic way of dealing with water recycling. This is a way of treating waste water naturally, causing less harm to the environment while using less energy.

Answer 4

Desalination
According to the Israel Water Authority, Mekorot, desalination is the way to go to solve Israel's long term water shortage problem. There are already two desalination plants in operation in Ashkelon and Palmachim. A new one was recently opened in Hadera which to date is the largest SWRO (sea water reverse osmosis) plant in the world and there are two more on the way. Reverse osmosis is a method of filtering the salt from seawater without it having to be heated. This saves energy, and makes it more cost-efficient.

But not everyone is happy about this project. Green organisations are against the building of these desalination plants because of the damage to nature and the coastline. They claim that the Mediterranean will become more saline because the residue from the salt is pumped back into the sea. They criticise the Israel Water Authority for doing too little, too late, and believe they should concentrate on water conservation education like encouraging private house-owners to use grey-water systems, and the like.

The Hadera facility (named H2ID) has its price. It takes up 74 acres (just over 18 acres) of coastal land and the financial agreement with the Israeli government means it will be paying $0.57/cubic metre for its water until 2032. But, with a growing population and the threat of global warming, this may be the best available solution. The plant supplies 127 million cubic metres of water a year and is the first step in a plan to build a new national water carrier.

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Answer 5

I'm guessing you copy pasted? \(\uparrow\)

Answer 6

yep the website explained everything but I only pasted the parts that answered the question