Question

French Mini-Tutorial: Subject Pronouns

Answer 1

\({\bf{Subject~Pronouns}}\)
je: I

special note: unlike the English I, je is only capitalized at the beginning of a sentence

tu: you (singular, informal)

special note: only use informal pronouns if you have some degree of familiarity with the subject, ex: this person is your close colleague or friend, or a child perhaps

il: he or it (for masculine nouns)
elle: she or it (for feminine nouns)

special note: when a noun is the subject, you must conjugate the verb according to il or elle, as appropriate

on:* we, they, or "one" (think about how "one" is used in English. ex: "one must not tell lies" where one is being used in a general sense)

*special note: on is more common in modern French. most commonly it refers to "we" but takes the same pronoun as "il" rather than "nous." it is also used in a general sense when the exact subject is not specified ("one" or "some" or "people"), similar to passive voice in English. I will post a link in the reference section with more details.

nous: we
vous: you (formal singular, but also the plural form of you for both formal and informal)
ils: they (with at least one male subject, including nouns)
elles: they (with all female subjects)

Answer 2

\({\bf{References:}}\)

Rochester, Myrna B. Easy French Step-by-Step, United States, McGraw-Hill Education, 2009, 22.

Good reference for understanding "on": https://www.frenchtoday.com/blog/french-grammar/understanding-french-on-subject-pronoun/

CollinsDictionary for French and English translations

Forvo (https://forvo.com/), a French pronunciation database with samples from native French speakers